According to a blog post by Littler Mendelson PC, the National Labor Relation Board’s Office of General Counsel issued three Advice Memorandum that provide guidance employers regarding the use of social media and labor law.
Of the three Advice Memorandum that were published, two came to the same conclusion: an employee who communicates about work through Facebook but only with family or friends cannot invoke the protections of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) to avoid dismissal.
In the first case, an employee of a residential home for homeless individuals with significant mental illness posted facetious comments about residents on her Facebook wall. The employee did not have any coworkers as Facebook friends. The General Counsel concluded the the employee’s Facebook posts were not protected because the employee was merely communicating with personal friends about work. In addition: (a) her posts did not relate to the terms or conditions of employment; (b) the employee did not discuss her posts with coworkers, and no coworkers responded to them; and (c) the employee was not seeking to induce collective action and her posts were not an outgrowth of collective concerns.
In the second case, a bartender complained through Facebook to his step-sister about his employer’s policy barring him from sharing in tips given to servers. The General Counsel concluded that even though the post related to the terms of employment, he could not rely on the NLRA to reverse his firing because he did not discuss his post with coworkers and was not seeking to induce collective actions.
In the third case, the General Counsel concluded that an employer could lawfully fire an employee over Facebook posts that expressed only an individual gripe, i.e., the employee’s own “frustration regarding his individual dispute with the Assistant Manager over mispriced or misplaced sale items.” This was also not viewed as a call for collective action even though it appears other co-workers may have commented on the Facebook post.
The article then lists certain protected vs. unprotected types of posts based off these recent Advice Memorandum.
- Protected: When the employee “acting with or the authority of” coworkers (a) “seeks to initiate, induce or prepare for group action,” or (b) “brings truly group complaints to the attention of management.”
- Protected: The employee’s activities are “the logical outgrowth of concerns expressed by the employees collectively.”
- Unprotected: The employee is engaging in activity “solely by and on behalf of the employee himself.”
- Unprotected: The employee’s comments are “mere griping” as opposed to “group action.”